Medical Student Finals Question Bank

A 45-year-old male presents with a 2-week history of right-sided abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He has a history of heavy alcohol use. Asking the patient to take deep breath in while palpating the right upper quadrant of the abdomen produces pain.  Abdominal ultrasound demonstrates moderate dilation of the common bile duct. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 30-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. His ECG shows a supraventricular tachycardia with a narrow QRS complex. Heart rate is 160bpm and BP 123/82. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

What is the most common cause of minimal change disease?

A 35-year-old male presents with a persistent cough, shortness of breath and fatigue. His chest X-ray shows diffuse infiltrates and his blood test results show a positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA). What is the most likely diagnosis?

What is the most common histological finding in membranous glomerulonephritis?

A patient presents with stridor, hoarseness, and a sore throat. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents with a sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath. An echocardiogram is performed and shows an left atrial mass with a mobile, pedunculated appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents with difficulty standing up from a seated position. A physical examination shows weakness in hip extension and a loss of sensation in the posterior thigh. What muscle(s) is/are most likely involved in this presentation?

What is the most common sign of aortic stenosis on physical examination?

A 30-year-old male patient with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. His ECG shows a narrow QRS complex tachycardia. Heart rate is 160bpm and BP 123/82 mmHg. Vagal manoeuvres are attempted but are unsuccessful at reverting the rhythm back to sinus. Which of the following is the most appropriate management for this patient?

A 55-year-old patient presents with palpitations and lightheadedness. Their ECG shows an irregularly irregular rhythm with a rate of 150 bpm. The QRS complex is narrow and the P waves are not visible. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 28-year-old male presents with a 1-month history of lower abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. The following results are obtained:

Haemoglobin: 110 g/dL (reference range: 130-180 g/dL)

White blood cell count: 20 x 109/L (reference range: 4-11 x 109/L)

Colonoscopy: ulcerative isolated lesions and granularity in the rectum and sigmoid colon.

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

What type of murmur is caused by mitral regurgitation?

What is the difference between a sample and a population in statistical terms?

A 45-year-old female presents with a rapidly growing, painless mass in the right side of her neck. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass reveals that it is a thyroid neoplasm. What is the most likely histological type of this neoplasm?